Retinopathy of prematurity in patients admitted to the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit at Karl Heusner Memorial Hospital
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.61997/bjm.v13iSuppl1.467Keywords:
Retinopaty of prematurity, Low birth weight, BelizeAbstract
Introduction: Retinopathy of prematurity is an ocular disease that can affect primarily premature and very low birth weight newborns. Active screening of newborns with these risk factors is performed at the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit of the Karl Heusner Hospital in Belize. Objective: To describe clinical and epidemiological factors in premature neonates screened for retinopathy. Methods: A descriptive, retrospective study was conducted in 47 neonates identified as being at risk for retinopathy of prematurity, over a period of six months, in the Neonatology Service of the Karl Heusner Memorial Hospital in Belize. Results: 36.2% of the neonates screened had some degree of retinopathy of prematurity. 82.3% of patients with a gestational age of less than 32 weeks developed retinopathy; similarly, 13 out of 17 newborns diagnosed had less than 1500 grams of birth weight. 60% of the patients with bronchopulmonary dysplasia and 40% of those who underwent mechanical ventilation, also had retinopathy. Oxygen therapy, especially prolonged and used with high-flow devices, was associated with both greater frequency and greater severity of retinopathy. Conclusions: Reducing prematurity and controlling risk factors are the main preventive measures for retinopathy of prematurity. Considering the frequency of this problem, it is necessary to create the conditions for carrying out treatment with any of its methods in the country.
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