Dermatophytosis in adulthood. Clinical-epidemiological and microbiological study
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.61997/bjm.v13i3.445Keywords:
Dermatophytosis, Dermatophytes, MycosisAbstract
Background: Dermatophytosis constitute 70 to 80% of all mycoses. Cuba presents a favorable climate for its development but until now its weight as a health problem in the country is unknown. Objective: Describe the causal agents of dermatophytosis and its possible relationship with clinical-epidemiological variables in the adult population. Methods: A descriptive study was carried out between September 2021 and June 2022 in patients who attended the dermatology consultation at the “Calixto García” General Hospital. Clinical-epidemiological data were collected through a survey and clinical samples for mycological study, which were processed using conventional methods. The results were expressed through absolute frequencies and percentages. Differences were considered significant when p<0.05 for a 95% confidence interval. Results: Of 1,223 patients, 112 (9.15%) met the inclusion criteria. Of them, 29 (25.9%) were positive in the mycological study. The most common clinical form was tinea pedis followed by onychomycosis. These predominated in mixed-race men between 19 and 29 years old who practiced some sport. The coincidence of results between direct examination and culture was 62.5% (Kappa = 0.4). The majority etiological agent was Trichophyton rubrum (75.8%), followed by Trichophyton interdigitale, Trichophyton tonsurans (10.3% each) and Microsporum canis (3.4%). Conclusions: Despite the limitations of the study, the results reaffirm the need to estimate the magnitude of dermatophytosis in Cuba to allow the implementation of measures for its prevention and control.
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